<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
	xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/"
		>
<channel>
	<title>Comments on: JunoCam Specs</title>
	<atom:link href="http://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/</link>
	<description></description>
	<lastBuildDate>Fri, 10 Apr 2026 03:45:24 -0700</lastBuildDate>
	<sy:updatePeriod>hourly</sy:updatePeriod>
	<sy:updateFrequency>1</sy:updateFrequency>
	<generator>http://wordpress.org/?v=3.3.1</generator>
	<item>
		<title>By: ER</title>
		<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/#comment-36970</link>
		<dc:creator>ER</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2016 13:40:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.habitablezone.com/?p=58564#comment-36970</guid>
		<description>They are on hard times now, because of the decline in their consumer sales, but they have heaped honors on themselves for decades by producing rigidly quality-controlled custom film emulsions and color filters for astronomy even though it must have been at a severe financial loss to themselves.

Back in the day before digital imaging, much astronomy was done by comparing old photographic plates with newer ones, so it was more important that the emulsions were identical and stable (and optimized for each application) than that they be as sensitive as possible.  It must have been very expensive for them to do this kind of quality control for a product with so little demand and sales, but to their credit, Kodak put out a quality product.

As a student, I worked with Kodak glass plates in stellar positional mapping, and we could be assured that plates exposed decades earlier had identical properties to the ones used today, and the images on each directly comparable.  These old plates could not be replaced by newer technologies, they were a historical, nay, archaeological record.  When a stellar image measured off one plate was noted to have moved relative to its position on another, or its brightness or color compared to a modern image, we knew any changes were due to the star itself, not the detector.  Similar emulsion and bandpass filters were developed by Kodak for color photometry, spectroscopy, and other applications.  Astronomers all over the world benefited from these products.

Years later, I worked with Kodak glass plates in photogrammetry, doing highly precise stereo mapping with images I knew were consistent and stable over time.  Much of what geographers now know about the earth we can thank Eastman Kodak for.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>They are on hard times now, because of the decline in their consumer sales, but they have heaped honors on themselves for decades by producing rigidly quality-controlled custom film emulsions and color filters for astronomy even though it must have been at a severe financial loss to themselves.</p>
<p>Back in the day before digital imaging, much astronomy was done by comparing old photographic plates with newer ones, so it was more important that the emulsions were identical and stable (and optimized for each application) than that they be as sensitive as possible.  It must have been very expensive for them to do this kind of quality control for a product with so little demand and sales, but to their credit, Kodak put out a quality product.</p>
<p>As a student, I worked with Kodak glass plates in stellar positional mapping, and we could be assured that plates exposed decades earlier had identical properties to the ones used today, and the images on each directly comparable.  These old plates could not be replaced by newer technologies, they were a historical, nay, archaeological record.  When a stellar image measured off one plate was noted to have moved relative to its position on another, or its brightness or color compared to a modern image, we knew any changes were due to the star itself, not the detector.  Similar emulsion and bandpass filters were developed by Kodak for color photometry, spectroscopy, and other applications.  Astronomers all over the world benefited from these products.</p>
<p>Years later, I worked with Kodak glass plates in photogrammetry, doing highly precise stereo mapping with images I knew were consistent and stable over time.  Much of what geographers now know about the earth we can thank Eastman Kodak for.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Robert</title>
		<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/#comment-36968</link>
		<dc:creator>Robert</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2016 05:10:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.habitablezone.com/?p=58564#comment-36968</guid>
		<description>SAR with light. Pushbrooms and rotating platforms. Ya got it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>SAR with light. Pushbrooms and rotating platforms. Ya got it.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Robert</title>
		<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/#comment-36967</link>
		<dc:creator>Robert</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2016 05:08:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.habitablezone.com/?p=58564#comment-36967</guid>
		<description>That was genius, mcfly. You implied the CCD was divided into bands by color filters, but didn&#039;t mention how many there are.

But we know the sensor is overall 1600x1200, which is a 4:3 aspect ratio.

short side in degrees = 18.3 * 3 / 4 = 13.75

short_side / 4 = 13.75 / 4 = 3.43125

And the raw images in each band will be 1600x300.

So therefore and I rest my case.

So the images will in fact be Cinemascope&#174; shape. The question for me is still whether they&#039;ll do macro-level wizarding to compile those funny-shaped mediocre-def images into something beautiful we&#039;ll all gasp over.

Trust the boffins.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>That was genius, mcfly. You implied the CCD was divided into bands by color filters, but didn&#8217;t mention how many there are.</p>
<p>But we know the sensor is overall 1600&#215;1200, which is a 4:3 aspect ratio.</p>
<p>short side in degrees = 18.3 * 3 / 4 = 13.75</p>
<p>short_side / 4 = 13.75 / 4 = 3.43125</p>
<p>And the raw images in each band will be 1600&#215;300.</p>
<p>So therefore and I rest my case.</p>
<p>So the images will in fact be Cinemascope&reg; shape. The question for me is still whether they&#8217;ll do macro-level wizarding to compile those funny-shaped mediocre-def images into something beautiful we&#8217;ll all gasp over.</p>
<p>Trust the boffins.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: mcfly</title>
		<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/#comment-36966</link>
		<dc:creator>mcfly</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2016 04:32:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.habitablezone.com/?p=58564#comment-36966</guid>
		<description>But I love browsing through such documents to see if I can find enough chewable tidbits to start piecing things together.

Junocam looks to me like an innovative instrument designed, at least in part, to have minimal impact on what I&#039;m sure was an already over-stretched budget. But I&#039;m also sure it&#039;ll treat us to some really cool hi-def space pics.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>But I love browsing through such documents to see if I can find enough chewable tidbits to start piecing things together.</p>
<p>Junocam looks to me like an innovative instrument designed, at least in part, to have minimal impact on what I&#8217;m sure was an already over-stretched budget. But I&#8217;m also sure it&#8217;ll treat us to some really cool hi-def space pics.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: ER</title>
		<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/#comment-36964</link>
		<dc:creator>ER</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2016 02:58:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.habitablezone.com/?p=58564#comment-36964</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m thinking of the optics of the imaging system, and you&#039;re concerned with the geometry of the display device.  The paper Mcfly points to below helps sort it all out, although the engineering is way beyond me...especially the image synthesis you describe.  I knew modern synthetic aperture radars could do that, I didn&#039;t realize it was possible with optics. 

&quot;Imaging boffins&quot; indeed...</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m thinking of the optics of the imaging system, and you&#8217;re concerned with the geometry of the display device.  The paper Mcfly points to below helps sort it all out, although the engineering is way beyond me&#8230;especially the image synthesis you describe.  I knew modern synthetic aperture radars could do that, I didn&#8217;t realize it was possible with optics. </p>
<p>&#8220;Imaging boffins&#8221; indeed&#8230;</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Robert</title>
		<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/#comment-36963</link>
		<dc:creator>Robert</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2016 02:48:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.habitablezone.com/?p=58564#comment-36963</guid>
		<description>I thought that there was a Juno Web site gallery of 4K images, but upon looking for it again, I think that menu item might actually apply to NASA HQ. Sloppy web design [sniff].

&quot;HD&quot; once had a technical meaning, but it&#039;s a marketing term now. Generally we&#039;re talking displays in multiples of 720x480 pixels. To me, &quot;real HD&quot; is 1920x1080. &quot;4K: is the next step up @ 3840x2160, which produces amazing &quot;photorealistic&quot; pictures based on store demos I&#039;ve seen.

But darn, 1600x1200, that&#039;s disappointing...on the surface. But don&#039;t overlook the ability of JPL&#039;s imaging boffins. Consider this: The spacecraft is spin-stabilized at 3 RPM, plus there&#039;s its orbital motion around Jupiter. Any time a camera pans across the scene, you have the opportunity to synthesize higher-resolution images out of successive images a fraction of a pixel shifted. Plus, image size in the direction of spin is effective unlimited, depending on how long you keep the shutter open and how efficiently you move partial images out of the buffer. It&#039;s possible we&#039;ll see long skinny images like Mars Global Surveyor, with better resolution on one axis than the other.

Not sure of the FOV discrepancy, but that sure doesn&#039;t sound close to the 4:3 ratio of the imager. Something&#039;s off. In any case, resolution of 15km/pixel, about 9 times better than Hubble, will be nice. I&#039;m sure of it.

Maybe my excuse for upgrading displays is a mirage, but I still look forward to those images of Jupiter. Thanks for researching the camera.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I thought that there was a Juno Web site gallery of 4K images, but upon looking for it again, I think that menu item might actually apply to NASA HQ. Sloppy web design [sniff].</p>
<p>&#8220;HD&#8221; once had a technical meaning, but it&#8217;s a marketing term now. Generally we&#8217;re talking displays in multiples of 720&#215;480 pixels. To me, &#8220;real HD&#8221; is 1920&#215;1080. &#8220;4K: is the next step up @ 3840&#215;2160, which produces amazing &#8220;photorealistic&#8221; pictures based on store demos I&#8217;ve seen.</p>
<p>But darn, 1600&#215;1200, that&#8217;s disappointing&#8230;on the surface. But don&#8217;t overlook the ability of JPL&#8217;s imaging boffins. Consider this: The spacecraft is spin-stabilized at 3 RPM, plus there&#8217;s its orbital motion around Jupiter. Any time a camera pans across the scene, you have the opportunity to synthesize higher-resolution images out of successive images a fraction of a pixel shifted. Plus, image size in the direction of spin is effective unlimited, depending on how long you keep the shutter open and how efficiently you move partial images out of the buffer. It&#8217;s possible we&#8217;ll see long skinny images like Mars Global Surveyor, with better resolution on one axis than the other.</p>
<p>Not sure of the FOV discrepancy, but that sure doesn&#8217;t sound close to the 4:3 ratio of the imager. Something&#8217;s off. In any case, resolution of 15km/pixel, about 9 times better than Hubble, will be nice. I&#8217;m sure of it.</p>
<p>Maybe my excuse for upgrading displays is a mirage, but I still look forward to those images of Jupiter. Thanks for researching the camera.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: ER</title>
		<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/#comment-36962</link>
		<dc:creator>ER</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2016 02:39:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.habitablezone.com/?p=58564#comment-36962</guid>
		<description>But it appears that the spacecraft spin, orbital motion, and planetary rotation are all taken into account to reconstruct the image later, and the image is four-banded (R,G,B and some &quot;methane&quot; frequency (probably in the near IR) which allows some stereoscopic information to be generated as well.

That&#039;s quite a bit more sophisticated than the &quot;pushbroom&quot; scanners I&#039;m familiar with from the &#039;70s and &#039;80s, where a rotating mirror whipped the image past a set of CCD sensors, and where the effect of spacecraft motion was subtracted later during data reduction and processing.  Back then, only a slight twist had to be removed from the image (by resampling the data) to compensate for the rotation of the earth under the platform.

I presume the resulting imagery will be fully rectified for public consumption (these purely geometrical effects removed and the resulting map flattened out and rubber-sheeted) to give an image that resembles more or less what we think of as a map projection.

Image processing and technology has come a long way since I meddled in it...

I&#039;m appalled at how much I&#039;ve missed.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>But it appears that the spacecraft spin, orbital motion, and planetary rotation are all taken into account to reconstruct the image later, and the image is four-banded (R,G,B and some &#8220;methane&#8221; frequency (probably in the near IR) which allows some stereoscopic information to be generated as well.</p>
<p>That&#8217;s quite a bit more sophisticated than the &#8220;pushbroom&#8221; scanners I&#8217;m familiar with from the &#8217;70s and &#8217;80s, where a rotating mirror whipped the image past a set of CCD sensors, and where the effect of spacecraft motion was subtracted later during data reduction and processing.  Back then, only a slight twist had to be removed from the image (by resampling the data) to compensate for the rotation of the earth under the platform.</p>
<p>I presume the resulting imagery will be fully rectified for public consumption (these purely geometrical effects removed and the resulting map flattened out and rubber-sheeted) to give an image that resembles more or less what we think of as a map projection.</p>
<p>Image processing and technology has come a long way since I meddled in it&#8230;</p>
<p>I&#8217;m appalled at how much I&#8217;ve missed.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: mcfly</title>
		<link>https://habitablezone.com/2016/07/05/junocam-specs/#comment-36961</link>
		<dc:creator>mcfly</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2016 02:07:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.habitablezone.com/?p=58564#comment-36961</guid>
		<description>Here&#039;s a paper about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0079-x&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Junocam &lt;/a&gt;.

They&#039;ve bonded the color filters directly to the CCD. I haven&#039;t tried the math, but I wonder if this is what gives rise to the &quot;18.3 x 3.4&quot; degree view. Will that be the effective coverage of a single, &quot;one filter&quot; exposure?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here&#8217;s a paper about the <a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0079-x" rel="nofollow">Junocam </a>.</p>
<p>They&#8217;ve bonded the color filters directly to the CCD. I haven&#8217;t tried the math, but I wonder if this is what gives rise to the &#8220;18.3 x 3.4&#8243; degree view. Will that be the effective coverage of a single, &#8220;one filter&#8221; exposure?</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
</channel>
</rss>
